situation calculus

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• Situation calculus — The situation calculus is a logic formalism designed for representing and reasoning about dynamical domains. It was first introduced by John McCarthy in 1963. The main version of the situational calculus that is presented in this article is based …   Wikipedia

• Event calculus — The event calculus is a logical language for representing and reasoning about actions and their effects first presented by Robert Kowalski and Marek Sergot in 1986.It was extended by Murray Shanahan and Rob Miller in the 1990s.The basic… …   Wikipedia

• Fluent calculus — The fluent calculus is a formalism for expressing dynamical domains in first order logic. It is a variant of the situation calculus; the main difference is that situations are considered representations of states. A binary function symbol circ is …   Wikipedia

• Ethical calculus — The term ethical calculus, when used generally, refers to any method of determining a course of action in a circumstance that is not explicitly evaluated in one s ethical code. A formal philosophy of ethical calculus is a recent development in… …   Wikipedia

• Itō calculus — Itō calculus, named after Kiyoshi Itō, extends the methods of calculus to stochastic processes such as Brownian motion (Wiener process). It has important applications in mathematical finance and stochastic differential equations.The central… …   Wikipedia

• Frame problem — In artificial intelligence, the frame problem was initially formulated as the problem of expressing a dynamical domain in logic without explicitly specifying which conditions are not affected by an action. John McCarthy and Patrick J. Hayes… …   Wikipedia

• Artificial intelligence — AI redirects here. For other uses, see Ai. For other uses, see Artificial intelligence (disambiguation). TOPIO, a humanoid robot, played table tennis at Tokyo International Robot Exhibition (IREX) 2009.[1] Artificial intelligence ( …   Wikipedia

• Yale shooting problem — The Yale shooting problem is a conundrum or scenario in formal situational logic on which early logical solutions to the frame problem fail. The name of this problem derives from its inventors, Steve Hanks and Drew McDermott, working at Yale… …   Wikipedia

• Fluent (artificial intelligence) — In artificial intelligence, a fluent is a condition that can change over time. In logical approaches to reasoning about actions, fluents can be represented in first order logic by predicates having an argument that depends on time. For example,… …   Wikipedia

• Raymond Reiter — (June 12, 1939 ndash; September 16, 2002), was a Canadian computer scientist and logician. He was one of the founders of the field of non monotonic reasoning with his work on default logic, model based diagnosis, closed world reasoning, and truth …   Wikipedia

• List of mathematics articles (S) — NOTOC S S duality S matrix S plane S transform S unit S.O.S. Mathematics SA subgroup Saccheri quadrilateral Sacks spiral Sacred geometry Saddle node bifurcation Saddle point Saddle surface Sadleirian Professor of Pure Mathematics Safe prime Safe… …   Wikipedia